The study conducted to survey the existence of tadpole shrimp in ephemeral ponds and streams of the desert of Al-Najaf. Out of 13 ponds, the tadpole shrimps were occur in 5 only including terminal part of Abu-Talah valley, archaeological basin of Um Groon castle ,first part of Wier valley, Rejlat Al-Ziana and Sharaf wells. All samples were identified morphologically as  Triops numidicus (Grube, 1865 , resurrected by Naganawa ), the controversial synonymy, morphological and morphometrical features are discussed.